Methods
Self-attestation (weak). Payment card (proxy). Government ID (Yoti, Onfido). Biometric age estimation (facial).
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UK OSA
2024+ mandates 'highly effective' age assurance for adult content. Self-attestation insufficient.
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COPPA
US: verifiable parental consent for under-13 users. Applies to LLM products marketed to kids.
Design implications
Age gate before feature access. Reduced feature set for verified minors. Separate policies.