Why it matters

Prefill/decode split shapes serving. Understanding shapes optimization.

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The architecture

Prefill: parallel over input tokens.

Decode: one token at a time.

Different scaling.

Prefill/decode phasesPrefillcompute-boundDecodememory-boundSplitdifferent SLOsTTFT vs ITL: prefill affects TTFT, decode affects ITL; disaggregate to optimize each
Prefill/decode.
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How it works end to end

TTFT (time to first token): prefill dominates.

ITL (inter-token latency): decode dominates.

Chunked prefill mixes.