Approach

Sort half-planes by angle. Use deque: pop from back if current makes intersection at back irrelevant. Pop from front similarly.

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Complexity

O(N log N) dominated by sort. Deque operations amortized O(N).

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Duality

Half-planes ↔ points. Half-plane intersection ↔ convex hull under duality. Both same complexity.

Applications

Linear programming in 2D. Kernel of polygon. Feasible region visualization.