Core / border / noise

Core point: ≥ minPts within ε. Border: within ε of core but not core itself. Noise: neither.

Advertisement

Algorithm

For each unvisited point: if core, expand cluster via BFS through density-reachable points. Others → noise.

Advertisement

Complexity

O(N² ) naive. O(N log N) with spatial index (k-d tree). Suffers curse of dimensionality above ~10 dims.

HDBSCAN

Hierarchical DBSCAN. Extracts flat clusters via hierarchy. Only requires min_cluster_size. Modern default.